Trifloxysulfuron

NOMENCLATURE
Common name trifloxysulfuron (BSI, pa ISO)
IUPAC name 1-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-3-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridylsulfonyl]urea
Chemical Abstracts name N-[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridinesulfonamide
CAS RN [199119-58-9] sodium salt; [145099-21-4] acid Development codes CGA 292230; CGA 362622 (sodium salt) (both Ciba-Geigy)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Mol. wt. 459.3 (sodium salt); 437.4 (acid) M.f. C14H14F3N5O6S Form Odourless, white to off-white powder. M.p. 170.2-177.7 °C V.p. <0.01 mPa (25 °C) KOW logP = -0.43 (pH 7, 25 °C) Henry 2.6 ?10-5 Pa m3 mol-1 (calc.) S.g./density 1.63 g/cm3 (21 °C) Solubility In water 5016 mg/l (pH 7, 25 °C). Stability Hydrolysis DT50 20 d (pH 7, 25 °C); photolysis DT50 7 h (25 °C). pKa 4.76 (20 °C)

COMMERCIALISATION
History Reported by Hudetz et al., Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 53, 163-166 (2000). Under development by Syngenta AG; Patents EP-B-540697; US-A-5403814 Manufacturers Syngenta (ENVOKE)

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Inhibitor of acetolactate synthase
Mode of action Readily absorbed by shoots and roots and is translocated in weeds. Susceptible weeds show chlorotic symptoms within days and die within 1-3 weeks.
Uses The sodium salt is under development for post-emergence grass, sedge, and broad-leaved weed control in cotton and sugar cane. Formulation types WG. Selected tradenames: mixtures: 'Krismat' (+ ametryn) (trifloxysulfuron as sodium salt) (Bayer)

OTHER TRADENAMES
'Brawn' (Syngenta); 'Enfield''ENVOKE' (Syngenta)

Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC)

These preparations are usually solutions containing a high concentration of the pesticide. Most of them are designed to be mixed with water or oil and contain wetting agents, stickers, and other additives. They may contain as much as eight or more pounds of a pesticide per gallon of concentrate.
Advantages. These formulations contain a high concentration of pesticide, so the price per pound of active ingredient is rather low. Only moderate agitation is required in the tank, so they are especially suitable for low -pressure, low-volume weed sprayers, mist blowers, and small home ground sprayers. They are not abrasive and do not settle out when the sprayer is not running. There is little visible residue, which generally allows their use in populated areas. Because of the high pesticide content, the applicator is not required to store, transport, or handle a large bulk of chemical for a particular job.
Disadvantages. It is easy to underdose or overdose because of the high concentration of pesticide, if directions for mixing are not carefully followed. Mixtures of emulsifiable concentrates may be phytotoxic. Also, because of the high concentration and liquid form, which is usually easily absorbed through the skin, there may be hazard to the applicator. The hazard of improperly stored concentrates can also be high. Because of their solvents, most liquid concentrates cause rubber hoses, gaskets, and pump parts to deteriorate rapidly unless they are made of neoprene rubber. Some formulations cause pitting in car finishes.
Principal Uses. High concentrate liquids can be diluted and used in many ways on fruit, vegetables, shade trees, for residual sprays on farm animals, for structural pests. They are adaptable to many types of application equipment ranging from household sprayers to dilute hydraulic sprayers, low-volume ground sprayers, mist blowers, low volume agricultural aircraft sprayers, and ultra-low volume sprayers (usually on aircraft).

Pesticide Formulation

WETTABLE POWDER (WP) bulky, dusty, inconvenient,
more hazardous to manufacture than liquids.
WETTABLE GRANULE (WG) low dust, low solvent, suitable for soluble packs and unit dosing, some dispersion problems. Less
easy to measure than liquids.
EMULSIFIABLE CONCENTRATE (EC) simple, robust, versatile, proven, flammable, high solvent content seen as a pollutant.
SUSPENSION CONCENTRATE (SC) simple, robust, generally water-based, not suited to many a.i.’s, some sedimentation problems.
EMULSION IN WATER(EW) water-based, low solvent, some colloidal instability problems, less toxic than EC’s.
MICROEMULSION expensive, chemical stability problems.
CAPSULE SUSPENSION (CS) water-based, low solvent, robust, cost-effective, less toxic than EC’s.
DRY MICROCAPSULE advantages of a CS, less bulky to store than CS or EC.
TABLET convenient, unit dosing, easy to package, good image, some dispersion problems.
GEL good image, suitable for soluble packs and unit dosing, intermediate properties of liquids and
solids.

Herbicide safener of Butachlor

Butachlor is a main weed herbicide in transplanting paddy field of our country, but long-term use shows that this herbicide inhibite growth of rice in the South and the North of China. Monsanto Company synthesized the herbicide safener MON7400 at the beginning of the 1990s of last century. Use of mixture of Butachlor and MON7400 increase security of rice shoot and are suitable for use in the South and the North of China. The content of MON7400: ≥ 97%